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New energy vehicle underground garage charging to formulate fire standards

January 20, 2025

The following are some fire protection standards for charging new energy vehicle underground garages:

Place setting

• Location selection: The charging area should be arranged in the first and second floors underground, and should not be set in the fourth floors underground and below. And should be preferred by the external wall or car entrance and exit and relatively good ventilation area, should not be horizontally attached to the crowded places, and escalators, elevator hall and other vertical space horizontal distance should be maintained more than 6m.

• Fireproof unit division: charging area in the same fireproof zone should be set up independent fireproof unit, each fireproof unit maximum allowable construction area according to 1000 square meters, should be used fire resistance limit of not less than 2.00h fire partition wall or fire roller curtain, fire separation water curtain and other parts of the fire prevention unit and garage separation; Each fire prevention unit shall be equipped with at least 2 evacuation exits, and the distance between the two evacuation exits in the fire prevention unit shall not be less than 5m.


Fire fighting facilities and equipment

• Fire extinguishing system: The automatic sprinkler system in the charging area should adopt a quick-response sprinkler, and at least 2 sprinkler heads should be installed above each charging parking space.

• Detector Settings: At least 1 smoke detector should be set above each charging parking space, and it is advisable to set up a high-sensitivity smoke detector, encouraging the addition of a pictorial fire detector or a red ultraviolet composite flame detector. In addition, the charging area should be equipped with a combustible gas detector, and the type of gas detected should be hydrogen or carbon monoxide.

• Fire extinguisher configuration: The fire extinguisher in the charging area should be configured according to the serious danger level, and should be equipped with at least one pushcart water-based fire extinguisher or pushcart foam fire extinguisher of no less than 60L, and the maximum protection distance should not be greater than 30m. Each fire protection zone shall be equipped with not less than two 45L wheeled water based fire extinguishers or wheeled water spray fire extinguishers, and the maximum protection distance of wheeled fire extinguishers is 30 meters.

• Other equipment: The charging area should be equipped with large-size automobile fire blanket, portable high-efficiency foam fire extinguishing equipment, fireproof water barrier and other fire extinguishing equipment and equipment.


Electrical requirement

• Monitoring facilities: Video surveillance facilities should be set up in the charging area and fully within the scope of video surveillance, and the video surveillance system should be set up in the fire control room or 24h specially-assigned places on duty.

• Electrical fire monitoring: The distribution circuit of the power supply of the distributed charging facility should be equipped with an electrical fire monitoring system.

• Power off function: When abnormal charging occurs, the charging device should have the function of automatically cutting off the output power immediately; In case of fire, it should have the function of automatic linkage and manual cutting off the charging power supply immediately. The automatic cutting off point can be set at the power supply substation or the charging distribution box power input line end, and the manual cutting off the charging power supply point should be set outside the charging area of the electric vehicle.


Safety management

• Clear responsibilities: In accordance with the principle of "who invests, who benefits, who manages, who uses, who is responsible", it is clear that all parties perform the main responsibility for safe production, and the underground garage management unit should sign a safety agreement with the owner of the decentralized charging facility and the decentralized charging facility operation unit.

• Inspection and inspection: the underground garage management unit should arrange special personnel to carry out fire inspection every two hours in the charging area, and organize night fire inspection according to the actual situation, and carry out fire inspection at least once every half month, taking the safety status of electric vehicles as the focus of inspection.

• Maintenance: The underground garage management unit shall regularly maintain the building fire fighting facilities and fire fighting equipment, and shall conduct a comprehensive inspection of the fire fighting facilities at least once a year.



Emergency response and training exercises

• Mini fire station: The underground garage management unit shall establish a mini fire station in accordance with relevant regulations, establish a 24-hour shift duty system, and reasonably set up equipment placement points in the charging area, equipped with corresponding fire extinguishing equipment and equipment.

• Linkage mechanism: the underground garage management unit, the owner of the decentralized charging facility, and the decentralized charging facility operation unit shall cooperate to establish an emergency response linkage mechanism, and publicize the 24h manned service phone number for emergencies in a prominent position.

• Plan drills: the underground garage management unit should formulate special plans for fire fighting and emergency response based on the actual situation, organize the owner of the decentralized charging facility and the charging operation unit to carry out targeted joint fire drills at least once every six months, and carry out night drills when appropriate.

• Safety training: Before the decentralized charging facility is put into use, the decentralized charging facility operating unit shall conduct no less than one use safety training for relevant staff, and the training records shall be archived.


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