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Professional electric vehicle parts supplier.
Many new energy owners
There are such doubts when using fast charge
"Clearly the charging pile is nominal hundreds of kilowatts,
Why is the actual power only tens of kilowatts?"
"Why is it that the closer the charge gets to full,
The slower the charge?"
"Is the charging pile manufacturer deliberately limiting the power?"
Today, Xiaojie on these users common confusion
Tell you about those things behind "charging fast" ~
The essence of "fast charge" : dynamic collaboration between car and pile
Fast charging is not the unilateral "output" of the charging pile, but the cooperation between the vehicle and the charging pile. The whole process can be broken down into the following key steps:
Physical connection: After inserting the gun, the charging pile provides low-voltage power to the vehicle and wakes up the vehicle BMS (battery management system).
Parameter negotiation: The BMS exchanges "identity information" with the charging pile, including the maximum power demand of the vehicle, battery voltage range, etc.
Dynamic regulation: During the charging process, the BMS monitors the status of the battery in real time, and sends current and voltage demand instructions to the charging pile, and the pile end adjusts the output accordingly.
It can be likened to: the vehicle is the person who drinks water, and the charging pile is the faucet. The speed of drinking water depends not only on the water output of the faucet, but also on the thirst and swallowing ability of the drinker.
The higher the charge, the slower the charge? The key is battery characteristics
Many owners find that when the battery charge (SOC) reaches 80%, the charging power will decrease significantly. This is not a "lazy" charging pile, but determined by the physical characteristics of the battery:
Charging curve rule:
0%-50% stage: The battery activity gradually increases, and the charging power rapidly rises, with the fastest speed. 50%-80% stage: In order to avoid overheating or overvoltage of the battery, the BMS gradually reduces the current and the power slowly decreases.
More than 80% stage: enter the "trickle charging" to balance the cell voltage with a small current to protect the battery life.
In the more than 20 minutes after starting to charge, the battery is in the preheating stage, the battery activity is gradually increased, the charging power required by the battery is constantly increased, and the charging speed is constantly accelerated. When the SOC reaches about 50% (different brands, models, the results vary), the charging power will gradually begin to decline. When the SOC reaches 80%, the charging speed will further decline and enter the "trickle charging" stage until it is close to the full state.
The golden rule for extending battery life: Charge lightly and discharge lightly
Daily use: Keep the power between 20%-90%, charge with use, avoid deep discharge.
Long-distance travel: Lithium iron phosphate batteries can be filled once a week to calibrate the power display, other types of batteries do not need to be deliberately filled.
Temperature impact: Low temperature will reduce battery activity, it is recommended to preheat the battery before charging in winter (some models support this function).
In general, we can follow the principle of "charge with use, shallow charge and shallow discharge", especially in public charging stations, each charge can be 80%-90%, and at the same time, keep the SOC daily not less than 20%. In doing so, the charging safety can be fully protected, and the charging waiting time can be reduced. Even lithium iron phosphate batteries can be filled at most once a week to correct the range.
Battery life is determined by the "number of full cycles" (i.e. 0% to 100% charge and discharge), not by the amount of a single charge. Shallow charging and shallow discharge can reduce the number of complete cycles and prolong life.
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